Spanish Language Grammar: Verb Tenses
Present Tense (Indicative Mood)
Indicative Mood: Expresses facts, and actual situations: Ejemplo: Trabajo en Walmart.
The present tense is used to report what is happening and what is true now. This tense can be point specific or cover vast amounts of time.
Some Basic Terminology for Verbs
Infinitive: The verb is its pure form. In Spanish, all infinitives end in either –ar, -er, or –ir: hablar, comer, vivir.
Conjugation: Changing the verb from its infinitive form (where there is no action) so that it agrees with a subject (actor) and thus has a referent in reality.
Verb base (stem or root): All infinitives end in either, -ar, -er, -ir. When you drop these, you are left with the verb base. The verb base of hablar is habl-; the base of comer is com-, and the base of vivir is viv-.
Verb ending: It’s what you will add to do the verb base in order to conjugate the verb.
Subject: The actor(s) in the sentence.
Regular verb: The verb base remains intact, and the –ar, -er, and –ir endings are attached to it.
Irregular verb: The verb base does not remain intact, and/ori t does not take a regular –ar, -er, or –ir ending.
Subject pronouns: Yo, tú (vos), él, ella, usted; nosotros/as, vosotros/as, ustedes, ellos/as
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